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Early Detection, Better Digestion: Benefits of Early Screening for Gastroparesis

Early Detection, Better Digestion: Benefits of Early Gastroparesis Screening

Gastroparesis, also known as delayed gastric emptying, is a condition that impairs the stomach’s ability to empty its contents into the small intestine. It occurs when the stomach muscle responsible for moving food through the digestive tract become impaired or weakened. The primary cause of this muscular dysfunction is nerve damage, particularly to the vagus nerve, which plays a crucial role in regulating stomach contractions and coordinating gastric emptying. This nerve damage can disrupt the normal signalling between the brain and the stomach, leading to delayed gastric emptying and the symptoms associated with gastroparesis.

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What Causes Gastroparesis?

Diabetes is a common cause of gastroparesis, as prolonged exposure to high blood sugar levels can damage the vagus nerve. Other potential causes include surgical injury to the vagus nerve, viral infections, and medications that affect gastric motility. A new class of weight loss drugs used in diabetic patients and obese patients, the GLP-1 agonists are linked to a temporary delay in gastric emptying too. Some cases of gastroparesis have no identifiable causes.

This article explores how one can identify gastroparesis symptoms and obtain a diagnosis through a combination of health screening methods and diagnostic tests.

Recognising symptoms of Gastroparesis

Early identification of symptoms is vital for timely diagnosis and effective management. Here are some of the key symptoms:

  • Nausea and Vomiting:

    Persistent nausea is a common symptom, and vomiting may occur, especially after meals, often involving undigested food from previous meals.

  • Early Satiety:
    Individuals with gastroparesis will feel full after eating a small amount, which can lead to inadequate nutrition and unintended weight loss.
  • Abdominal Pain and Bloating:
    A feeling of fullness or bloating in the abdomen is common, causing discomfort and the sensation of being overly full.
  • Acid Reflux:
    Symptoms of heartburn or gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) may occur as food remains in the stomach longer than normal.
  • Blood Sugar Fluctuations:
    In individuals with diabetes, unpredictable gastric emptying can cause erratic blood sugar levels, complicating diabetes management
  • Reduced Appetite:
    Due to discomfort and a feeling of fullness, a decreased desire to eat is common, potentially leading to nutritional deficiencies.

Importance of Early Detection of Gastroparesis

One of the primary concerns is malnutrition, as delayed gastric emptying prevents the body from absorbing essential nutrients, leading to weight loss and deficiencies that can weaken overall health. This condition can also exacerbate underlying conditions, such as diabetes, making blood sugar management more challenging, increasing the risk of complications. Additionally, symptoms such as persistent vomiting associated with gastroparesis can cause dehydration and electrolyte imbalances, which, if not addressed promptly, can become life-threatening.

It is crucial to identify and manage gastroparesis early to prevent severe outcomes. In addition, early detection can provide benefits such as;

  • Identifies Underlying Cause
    Allows earlier treatment and prevention of complications, e.g. diabetes, which may be contributing to gastroparesis.
  • Improves Quality of Life
    Prompt treatment can alleviate debilitating symptoms like nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, enhancing patients’ daily functioning.
  • Prevents Malnutrition
     Implementing dietary modifications and nutritional support before malnutrition occurs.

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What to do when experiencing these symptoms?

Visiting a General Practitioner (GP) can play a vital role in the initial health screening process by identifying symptoms, conducting preliminary tests, and referring patients to specialists, when necessary. The initial step in screening for gastroparesis involves a comprehensive evaluation of the patient’s symptoms, medical history and physical examination, followed by specific diagnostic tests.
  • Review Symptoms
    Patients are asked about their symptoms, including the frequency and severity of nausea, vomiting, bloating, and abdominal pain. Understanding the impact of these symptoms on daily life is essential for diagnosis.
  • Assess Medical History
     Doctors inquire about underlying health conditions, such as diabetes and neurological disorders, which can contribute to gastroparesis. They also review current medications and past surgeries that may affect gastric motility.
  • Perform a Physical Examination:
     A physical exam helps to identify signs of dehydration, malnutrition, and abdominal abnormalities, which can provide clues to the presence of gastroparesis.
Individuals with gastroparesis often present late in the disease. It is often misdiagnosed as simply gastritis before the final diagnosis is made. This results in a delay in timely treatment. Early detection allows patients and healthcare providers to address the challenges posed by gastroparesis before complications arise.
If you are experiencing any symptoms,
consult our friendly GPs at any Healthway Medical Clinics

Diagnostic Tests for Gastroparesis

Once the initial health screening is complete, specific diagnostic tests are used to assess and confirm the diagnosis of gastroparesis. Some of the diagnostic tests that your doctor may recommend include:

1. Gastroscopy

Gastroscopy, also known as an upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy, is a procedure that allows doctors to examine the lining of the upper digestive tract (oesophagus, stomach, and the first part of the small intestine). This procedure is performed using a thin, flexible tube called an endoscope, which has a tiny camera and light attached to its end. The procedure is invaluable for ruling out potential causes of digestive symptoms, such as an obstruction. Its ability to detect changes in the digestive lining can lead to the early identification of conditions, such as ulcers, and early-stage stomach cancers.

A patient consumes a special meal that can be visualised by the scanning machine. The scanner tracks how quickly the stomach empties food over several hours. The presence of delayed gastric emptying (retention of food in the stomach for a prolonged period) will confirm the diagnosis of gastroparesis.
A CT or MRI scan of the abdomen allows the doctor to assess if there are alternative causes for the symptoms (nausea, vomiting, weight loss, loss of appetite, abdominal pain). The same symptoms may also be suggestive of cancer of the digestive tract, e.g. stomach, liver, pancreas, small intestine or colon.
In conclusion, gastroparesis is a condition that requires timely recognition and intervention to prevent complications such as malnutrition and dehydration. Early screening and diagnosis are essential as they allow healthcare providers to implement appropriate management strategies. Through medical history evaluation, physical examination, and advanced diagnostic tests, healthcare professionals can accurately diagnose gastroparesis and tailor treatment plans to individual needs.

Looking for expert advice on digestive issues?

Our Gastroenterologists at Nobel Gastroenterology Centre provides comprehensive services, including consultations and diagnostic test like gastroscopy. Visit Nobel Gastroenterology Centre to schedule a visit with Nobel’s Gastroenterologists.